All countries members of the International Mathematical Union, the mother organisation of ICMI, are de facto members of ICMI. But it is also possible for a country not a member of IMU to become a member of ICMI. (Information on this matter can be obtained from the Secretary-General of ICMI.)
There are currently 90 member countries of ICMI, 69 of which are also members of IMU and 8 are associate members (am) of IMU. In the following list, (*) indicates one of the 13 members of ICMI that are not members of IMU.